WO2000006724A1 - Medicaments permettant de soigner la neuropathie contenant de la galectine-1 ou ses derives comme substance active - Google Patents
Medicaments permettant de soigner la neuropathie contenant de la galectine-1 ou ses derives comme substance active Download PDFInfo
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- WO2000006724A1 WO2000006724A1 PCT/JP1999/004091 JP9904091W WO0006724A1 WO 2000006724 A1 WO2000006724 A1 WO 2000006724A1 JP 9904091 W JP9904091 W JP 9904091W WO 0006724 A1 WO0006724 A1 WO 0006724A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- C07K14/47—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
- C07K14/4701—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals not used
- C07K14/4726—Lectins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/1703—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- A61K38/1709—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S930/00—Peptide or protein sequence
- Y10S930/01—Peptide or protein sequence
- Y10S930/28—Bound to a nonpeptide drug, nonpeptide label, nonpeptide carrier, or a nonpeptide resin
Definitions
- the present invention includes galectin-11 or a derivative thereof having a nerve regeneration-promoting action such as regeneration of neurites and repair of nervous tissue, and nerve damage using such a protein as an active ingredient, neurodegeneration, and reduced function during nerve transplantation It relates to a therapeutic agent for neuropathy.
- Peripheral and central nerves such as nerve injuries due to traffic accidents, nerve injuries and neuropathy due to drugs such as cancer and AIDS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, diabetic neuropathy, senile dementia, Alheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, etc.
- Nerve damage and dysfunction in the system is often intractable, often severe, and often fatal, but there are currently no effective treatments.
- nervous tissue degeneration, shedding, severing of nerve axons, regression, etc. occur, so for prevention and treatment, nervous tissue degeneration and cell death are suppressed ⁇ , neurite regeneration Factors having a promoting effect are expected as effective therapeutic agents.
- ciliary neurotrophic factor has been the humoral factor acting on nerve cells.
- BDNF Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
- GDNF neurotrophin—4 ⁇ 5 ( ⁇ -4 / 5)
- trophic factors and cytokines include factors that affect the survival of various nerves and the regeneration of processes. Some of these have been studied for application to medicine.
- Galectin is a general term for animal lectins specific to lactosamine sugar chains.
- galectin-1 The structure of galectin-1 has also been determined for many animal species (human galectin-1: J. Hirabayashi et al., J. Biochem., 104, 1-4, 1988; J. Hirabayashi et al., Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 1008, 85-91, 1989, Rad Galectin-1: L Clerch et al., Biochemistry, 27, 692-699, 1988, Mouse Galle. Cutin-1: TJG Wilson et al., Biochem.
- galectin-1 genes, proteins, and drugs for treating autoimmune diseases, but does not describe drugs for treating neurodegenerative diseases such as neurological damage and neuropathy. Not at all.
- reports on the nervous system of galectin-1 include the following. Report that galectin-1 is expressed in dorsal root ganglion neurons during sensory nerve development (J. Dodd, et al. J Exp Biol. 124, 225-238, 1986; MA Hynes, et al. J. Neurosci., 10, 1004-1013, 1990), Galectin-1 is used as a cell adhesion matrix in spinal dorsal root ganglion neurons.
- This protein has a reduced state, ie, cysteine is free, and cysteine is oxidized. It is known that in the state where the bond is formed, that is, in the state where the SS bond is formed, it does not have a ⁇ -galactoside binding ability.
- the above-mentioned patent application publications and reports on the nervous system all describe the existence and action of galectin-1 as a lectin in a reduced state. However, there is no report on the physiological action on the nervous system as a nerve regeneration promoting factor or a survival maintaining factor in a state where this protein is oxidized, ie, an SS bond is formed and lectin activity is not observed.
- galectin-1 in the reduced state and galectin-1 in the oxidized state have greatly different physicochemical properties in addition to the above biological properties.
- the formation of an SS bond by oxidation means that two molecules of cysteine residue are converted to one molecule of cystine residue, so the molecular weight of the protein is two hydrogen atoms per pair of SS bond. Minute, that is, 2 Daltons (Da) smaller.
- Da Daltons
- three pairs of SS bonds may be formed, In that case, it will be 6 Da smaller.
- the difference in the molecular weight can be determined by measuring the molecular weight with a high-precision mass spectrometer.
- the higher-order structure of the protein is greatly changed by the SS bond, and the three-dimensional size of the molecule and the amino acid residue present on the surface of the molecule are changed.
- Reverse phase chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, etc. change the elution time. It is possible to determine whether galectin-1 is in a reduced state or an oxidized state by examining its physicochemical properties.
- neurotrophic factors which have a potent action, are expected as effective therapeutic agents.
- Research on neurotrophic factors, such as NGF, CNTF, and BDNF, is being pursued for application to pharmaceuticals.
- These neurotrophic factors have been found as factors having a nerve regeneration-promoting action and a function of maintaining the survival of nerve cells, mainly using nerve cells isolated from young animals at the developmental stage. . Therefore, it is necessary to directly act on nerve cells in order to express the effect of the factor.
- neurons in mature animals and neurons in young animals at the developmental stage may have different responsiveness to factors, and in vivo, neurons exist alone as in a culture dish. Instead, nerve cells usually exist in a state of being surrounded by nerve cells, or between nerve cells and paraneural cells such as Schwann cells, and maintain function by contacting and exchanging information with each other. In nerve regeneration after nerve injury, cross-talk between nerve cells and other cells is performed to restore function. For this reason, there is a problem in how factors that directly act on nerve cells act on nerve cells, that is, there is a problem of administration method, and development as a therapeutic drug for neuropathy has been difficult.
- the present inventors have promoted the regeneration of neurites from the cut end of nerve fiber in nerve tissue using an organ culture system of nerve tissue that maintains the structure that functions in the living body as it is. And proteinaceous factors showing survival maintenance activity Have been diligently investigated to find new factors from a different angle by finding, or to find new uses of factors already known as substances as therapeutic agents for neuropathy or injury. .
- a main object of the present invention is to provide galectin-11 or a derivative thereof which is effective for treating neuropathy including nerve damage, neurodegeneration, and dysfunction at the time of nerve transplantation. It is to provide. Summary of the Invention
- the present inventors have conducted various studies in order to promote the regeneration of neurites from the cut ends of nerve fibers in nerve tissue and to obtain factors that maintain survival.
- DRG dorsal root ganglion nerve tissue
- the organ culture system is used to observe the regeneration of processes from the cut ends of nerve fibers.
- LOD liver-derived cDNA was transfected using an animal expression vector, and the C0S1 cell culture supernatant was used to promote prominent regeneration from the cut end of the dorsal root ganglion fiber, thereby enhancing survival.
- the active factor to be maintained was purified, its partial sequence was determined, and the protein was identified as having a galectin-1 sequence. In addition, they have found that a protein expressed from the DNA encoding galectin-11 promotes neurite regeneration in vitro and in vivo, and exhibits a survival maintaining activity.
- the present invention provides a therapeutic agent for neuropathy, including nerve damage, neurodegeneration, and functional decline during nerve transplantation, comprising galectin-11 having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or a derivative thereof as an active ingredient. provide.
- Galectin-1 or a derivative thereof used in the present invention may have lectin activity, or may have little or no lectin activity.
- the lectin activity refers to a / 3-galactoside binding activity, and a lectin having such activity usually has a lactose column binding ability or a hemagglutination ability.
- galectin-1 or a derivative thereof is the second (Cys2), the 16th (Cys16), the 16th (Cys16) in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.
- Cysl6 the 16th cysteine
- Cys88 the 88th cysteine of the cysteine residues at the 42nd (Cys42)
- 60th the 60th
- Cys88 the 88th
- Cys130 130th
- oxidized form means that two or more cysteine residues of a protein are in a so-called oxidized state in which a disulfide bond is formed.
- the protein of the present invention has a nerve regeneration-promoting action such as regeneration of neurites and repair of nerve tissue. In this sense, the protein of the present invention can perform neurotrophic factor-like functions more.
- galectin-11 known in the past has a reduced form, has lectin activity, and acts as an adhesion substrate for nerve cells (NKMahanthappa et al., Supra; AC Puch et al., Supra; etc.)
- galectin-11 functions as a nerve regeneration promoting factor as in the present invention.
- the galectin-11 or a derivative thereof is exemplified by those forming a disulfide bond between the following cysteines in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1:
- Cysl6-Cys88 Cys2-Cysl30 and Cys42-Cys60; or
- Derivatives include, for example:
- the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 has an amino acid sequence in which one or more, preferably one or several amino acids have been substituted, deleted, inserted and / or added, and A substance having a nerve regeneration-promoting action, or a substance having substantially the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.
- “substantially” refers to a change (substitution, deletion, insertion) of at least one amino acid in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 which does not affect the nerve regeneration promoting activity of the protein. And Z or addition).
- N-terminal is acylated (for example, formylation, acetylation, etc.).
- Water-soluble polymers eg, polyethylene glycol, etc.
- those covalently linked to carbohydrate chains e.g., polyethylene glycol, etc.
- the therapeutic agent of the present invention is useful for promoting nerve regeneration and functional recovery in the event of central or peripheral nerve damage due to accidental trauma or surgery; and for treating nerves such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy for diseases such as cancer or AIDS.
- Nervs such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy for diseases such as cancer or AIDS.
- the therapeutic agent of the present invention can also be used as a nerve regeneration promoting agent in the case of recovery treatment of a neurological disorder such as functional decline due to nerve transplantation.
- the therapeutic agent of the present invention can be combined with a pharmaceutically acceptable liquid or solid carrier to give a pharmaceutical form such as oral or parenteral.
- the therapeutic agent includes one or more other factors having neurotrophic activity such as NGF (nerve growth factor), BDNF (brain-derived nerve growth factor), or such a factor. Extracellular matrix or paraneural cells containing the factor may be included.
- the therapeutic agent of the present invention is a form in which the protein of the present invention is contained in a collagen gel, and if necessary, other neurotrophic factors are added to the therapeutic agent to be directly implanted in a local neuropathy. You may.
- the present invention relates to a method for administering the above-mentioned therapeutic agent of the present invention to a patient (including a human) in need of treatment for a neurological disorder such as nerve damage, neurodegeneration, or dysfunction during nerve transplantation. It also relates to methods of treating the disorder.
- a neurological disorder such as nerve damage, neurodegeneration, or dysfunction during nerve transplantation. It also relates to methods of treating the disorder.
- the present invention also provides galectin-11 or a derivative thereof as defined above.
- the present invention further provides a substance containing galectin-1 or a derivative thereof as defined above (for example, a substance obtained from a natural or recombinant method or a chemical method), and an antibody bound to an antibody to the protein.
- a method for producing the protein comprising adsorbing the protein through a tea column, eluting the protein, and subjecting the protein to an oxidation treatment as necessary.
- Figure 1 is a photograph of the electrophoresis showing the results of Northern blot assay for RNA from each tissue of the rat.
- FIG. 2 is a photograph showing an electrophoresis image of a nerve regeneration promoting factor purified from a culture supernatant of pRLF-introduced C0S 1 cells.
- FIG. 3 shows the peptide map determined by reverse-phase column chromatography after digestion of the nerve regeneration-promoting factor purified from the culture supernatant of pRLF-introduced C0S 1 cells with lysylendopeptidase.
- FIG. 4 shows the results of the nerve regeneration-promoting activity of E. coli-expressed Gal 1 (1-134).
- the central end and the peripheral end indicate the cut end of the central nerve and the cut end of the peripheral nerve, respectively.
- FIG. 5 shows a peptide map determined by reverse-phase column chromatography after digestion of E. coli expression product Gall (1-134) with trypsin.
- Figure 6 shows the peptide map determined by reverse-phase column chromatography of the secondary digestion product of fragment TP9 with lysyl peptidase after trypsin digestion of the E. coli expression product Gall (1-134). Is shown.
- FIG. 7 shows the results of the hemagglutination activity measurement of E. coli-expressed Gall (1-134).
- Figure 8 shows that Gall (l-134) (A) and control (B) were administered continuously for 14 days 4 is a photograph of a biological form showing an electron microscopic observation image of a part 6 mm from the end of the saccadicus at the end.
- FIG. 9 is a photograph of a biological form showing an HE-stained image of a longitudinally frozen section after perfusion fixation on day 10 after administration of Gall (l-134) (A) and control (B).
- FIG. 10 is a photograph of a biological form showing immunostaining images of longitudinally frozen sections with anti-NF antibody after perfusion fixation on day 10 after the administration of Gall (l-134) (A) and control (B). Detailed description of the invention
- protein of the present invention a method for producing the protein having a nerve regeneration promoting activity of the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as “protein of the present invention”) and a pharmaceutical composition containing the protein will be described.
- the protein of the present invention may be a DNA encoding all or a part of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or a derivative of the amino acid sequence (for example, one or more amino acids may be substituted, deleted, or inserted). And a recombinant vector containing DNA encoding the amino acid sequence of the present invention, and transforming a host cell with the vector, culturing the obtained host cell, and culturing the target protein. Can be obtained by separation and purification.
- the DNA encoding the protein of the present invention can be obtained by restriction enzyme digestion of genomic DNA, cloning from a cDNA library, or DNA synthesis, or the DNA obtained thereby can be subjected to oligonucleotide site-directed mutagenesis. It can be obtained by modification and amplification using site-directed mutagenesis techniques such as the cassette mutation method or the PCR method. In this case, for example, the technique described in Molecular Cloning [Sambrook et al., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1989)] can be used.
- the gene and its structure of the protein of the present invention include humans and mice. (See, for example, AbboU et al., Biochem. J., 259, 291-294, 1989, and ChiarioUieta 1., Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1089, 54-60, 1991) .Based on these known base sequences and amino acid sequence information, a DNA encoding the protein of the present invention is appropriately obtained and prepared from a cDNA library using PCR, DNA synthesis technology, or the like. be able to.
- a cDNA library is prepared from human liver tissue by a conventional method, and a known human galectin 11 is obtained from the cDNA library.
- a cDNA encoding the protein of the present invention can be obtained by PCR using a primer prepared based on the nucleotide sequence of the present invention.
- the preferred codon may be used, if necessary, based on the amino acid sequence of the protein of the present invention by, for example, the method of Alton et al. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-501097).
- the DNA sequence encoding the protein of the present invention can be obtained by designing the base sequence in consideration of the above.
- galectin-1 is also encoded by a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence in which one or more amino acid residues have been deleted, added, inserted, or substituted in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1.
- Site-directed mutagenesis techniques such as oligonucleotide site-directed mutagenesis and cassette mutagenesis based on DNA to be transformed (for example, Mark et al., Pro Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 81, 5662-5666, 1984, Inouye et al., Pro atl.Acad.Sci.
- Prokaryotic (eg, bacteria, preferably E. coli) and eukaryotic (eg, yeast, insect, or mammalian) cells can be used as host cells.
- mammalian cells include COS cells, Chinese Hamster Ovary cells, X63.6.5.3. Cells, C-127 cells, BHK (Baby Hamster Kidney) cells, human-derived cells (eg, HeLa cells) and the like.
- yeast include baker's yeast (Saccliaromyces cerevisiae) and methanol-assimilating yeast Pichia pastoris.
- yeast include silkworm cultured cells (eg, Sf21 cells).
- a promoter that facilitates the addition of a restriction site to the DNA encoding the protein by restriction enzymes, and Z or expression.
- the DNA of the present invention is added to an appropriate expression vector, and the transformed or transfected cells are cultured with the vector, and the produced protein of the present invention is separated and purified. be able to.
- Escherichia coli is selected as a host, codons preferred for expression in Escherichia coli (preferred codons) may be incorporated.
- the vectors used to transform E. coli include PKC30 (Shimatake H. and M. Rosenberg, Nature, 292, pl28-132, 1981), pTrc99A (Amann E. et al, Gene, 108, 193- 200, 1991), pCFM536 (ATCC No. 39934, see Japanese Translation of PCT International Publication No. 60-501988), and the like.
- Vectors for mammalian cells include pSV2-neo (Southern and Berg, J. Mol. ApI. Genet., 1, 327-341, 1982), pCAGGS (Niwa et a, Gene, 108, 193- 200, 1991), or pcDL-SRa 296 (Takebe et al., Mol. Cell. Bio, 8, 466-472, 1988).
- yeast there is pG-1 (Schena M. and Yamamoto K.R., Science, 241, 965-967, 1988).
- transfer vector pAc373 (Luckow et al., Bio / Technology, 6, 47-55, 1988) for recombinant virus production is available.
- vectors may optionally contain an origin of replication, a selectable marker, a promoter, and a ribosome binding site.
- Eukaryotic vectors may further include an RNA splice site and a polyadenylation signal, if necessary. Is added.
- vectors for mammalian cells include SV40 and adenovirus And those derived from sipapilloma virus.
- a vector for Escherichia coli those derived from ColEl, R factor, F factor and the like can be used.
- yeast 2 ⁇ ra DNA, ARS1-derived DNA and the like can be used.
- promoters for gene expression include those derived from viruses such as retrovirus, poliovirus, adenovirus and SV40, or those derived from chromosomes (for example, EF1-). Can be used.
- viruses such as retrovirus, poliovirus, adenovirus and SV40, or those derived from chromosomes (for example, EF1-).
- a vector for Escherichia coli a vector derived from Pacteriophage ⁇ , a trp, lpp, lac, iac promoter and the like can be used.
- ADH, PH05, GPD, PGK, or MAF ⁇ promoter can be used for baker's yeast, and A0X1 promoter can be used for methanol-assimilating yeast.
- the vector for silkworm cells those derived from nuclear polyhedrosis virus can be used.
- vectors for mammalian cells include neomycin (neo) resistance gene, thymidine kinase (TK) gene, dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene, and Escherichia coli xanthinguanine phosphoribosyltransferase.
- neo neomycin
- TK thymidine kinase
- DHFR dihydrofolate reductase
- Escherichia coli xanthinguanine phosphoribosyltransferase Escherichia coli xanthinguanine phosphoribosyltransferase.
- Escherichia coli xanthinguanine phosphoribosyltransferase Escherichia coli xanthinguanine phosphoribosyltransferase.
- Ecogpt Escherichia coli xanthinguanine phospho
- Ncol site Ncol site
- ATG translation initiation codon
- BamHI site BamHI site downstream of the stop codon.
- This DNA fragment was treated with NcoI and BamHI, cloned into pET-3d (Stratagene) digested with NcoI and BaraHI, and
- an Escherichia coli strain having an expression vector is used as a transformant for expressing the protein of the present invention.
- the target gene is the T7 phage promoter.
- T7 RNA polymerase supplied from the host E. coli is transcribed by T7 RNA polymerase supplied from the host E. coli.
- This T7 RNA polymerase gene is incorporated into the host E. coli chromosome and is located downstream of the UV5 promoter, so that expression can be controlled by induction by the addition of IPTG. Protein expression, refolding, purification
- a host cell is transformed with a recombinant DNA having the gene incorporated into an appropriate site of the above-mentioned vector.
- the obtained transformant may be cultured, and the polypeptide may be further separated and purified from the cells or from the culture solution.
- the means and methods used for these can be performed by combining known methods.
- the original signal sequence may be modified, or the signal sequence of another protein may be used in order to make the N-terminal of the expression product more uniform.
- Modify (substitute or add) amino acid residues at and near the N-terminus for example, add arginine or lysine residues in addition to methionine residues when expressing in E. coli) Can also homogenize the N-terminus.
- GST daltathione-S-transferase
- Histidine tag FLAG peptide, or the like
- a specific enzyme for example, thrombin
- Factor Xa Factor Xa
- enterokinase etc.
- the protein of the present invention can be obtained.
- the protein of the present invention includes a protein consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.
- the present invention also includes those in which a part of the amino acid sequence has been modified (substitution, deletion, insertion and Z or addition) as long as the nerve regeneration promoting activity is retained, that is, the protein derivative of the present invention. It is.
- the protein derivative of the present invention include amino acid modification (substitution, deletion, insertion and Z or addition), N-terminal acylation, ⁇ -amino group or ⁇ -amino group.
- proteins have a three-dimensional structure with hydrophobic amino acids on the inside and hydrophilic amino acids on the outside.Therefore, amino acids present on the protein surface are replaced with highly hydrophilic charged amino acids. By doing so, an improvement in the solubility of the protein can be expected. Even in the case of the protein of the present invention, a derivative can be designed from such a viewpoint.
- galectin-1 derived from other homologous species (Nito liga lectin: 0hyama, Y. et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commum. 134, 51-56, (1986), Rat galectin Clerch, LB et al., Biochemistry 27, 692-699, (1988), mouse galectin: Wison, TJG et al., Biochem. J. 261, 847-852, (1989), @Shigalectin: Abbot, WM
- the amino acid sequence of Biochem, J. 259, 283-290 (1989), etc. can be used.
- human and rat amino acid sequences are compared, and the human type is not open but the rat type has proline, or the human type is daricin but rat type. Then, a site having an amino acid other than daricin can be selected.
- the protein of the present invention includes a human protein of the present invention having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 and a methionine residue at the -2 position of the aforementioned derivative; and Protein with a lysine residue at the-position, It also includes proteins to which methionine residues have been added.
- a bacterium for example, Escherichia coli
- a protein having an initiation methionine residue added to the N-terminal side of a protein having a nerve regeneration promoting activity may be obtained. It is known.
- the produced protein having a nerve regeneration-promoting activity may be daricosylated, or the N-terminus may be reblocked by an acetyl group, formyl group, or the like, or may not be used. In some cases, they are not included in the protein of the present invention.
- the protein of the present invention may be purified and isolated from a natural source (for example, a conditioned medium having a nerve regeneration-promoting activity, or human lung, kidney, placenta, etc.), but is preferably genetically modified. It was obtained by law. The latter case has the advantage that mass production is possible.
- a natural source for example, a conditioned medium having a nerve regeneration-promoting activity, or human lung, kidney, placenta, etc.
- amino acid sequence of the protein of the present invention contains six cysteine residues, it is desirable that the amino acid sequence be cross-linked (oxidized) by a disulfide bond.
- Chemical oxidation or disulfide exchange is used as an oxidation method to convert reduced proteins to oxidized proteins. be able to.
- an air oxidation method an air oxidation method, a heavy metal ion (for example, an air oxidation method using Cu 2 as a catalyst, a method using pseudosobenzoic acid or hydrogen peroxide, or the like can be used.
- a method using a redox buffer containing reduced daltathione and oxidized daltathione is used, but a redox buffer based on cysteine dithiothreitol, 2-mercaptoethanol, and cysteamine is used.
- the second (Cys2), the 16th (Cysl6), the 42nd (Cys42), the 60th (Cys60), the 88th (Cys60) in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 can also be used.
- Cys88 and the protein of the present invention forming a disulfide bond between at least the 16th cysteine (Cysl6) and the 88th cysteine (Cys88) among the cysteine residues at the 130th (Cys130).
- the number of disulfide bonds is 1 to 3, preferably 2 to 3, and more preferably 3.
- the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 is When the DNA to be loaded is expressed in Escherichia coli and subjected to a refolding operation, it has a disulfide bond between the following cysteines (1) Cysl6-Cys88, Cys2-Cysl30 and Cys42-Cys60; 2) Cys 16-Cys88, Cys2-Cys60 and Cys42-Cysl30; (3) Cys16-Cys88, Cys2-Cys42 and Cys60-Cysl30.
- the oxidized galectin-11 of (1) is mainly obtained, and the column contains YMC Protein RP ( Inner diameter l O mm X length 250 mm, manufactured by YMC Corporation) in 0.1% TFA at room temperature.
- Oxidized galectin-11 expressed in Escherichia coli showed that the form of (1) had the form of (1) by high-speed reversed-phase chromatography in which the concentration of nitril was increased linearly from 32% to 40% in 60 minutes. Approximately 36% acetonitrile concentration, and the forms (2) and (3) are eluted at approximately 34% acetonitrile concentration.
- the form (1) of COS 1 cell expression was prepared by using YMC Protein RP (4.6 mm ID x 150 mm length, manufactured by YMC) as a column in 0.1% TFA at room temperature.
- concentration of acetonitril in a linear line from 32% to 44% in 45 minutes It is eluted at about 38% acetonitrile concentration by fast reversed phase chromatography.
- the present invention also includes a therapeutic agent for a neuropathy such as nerve damage, neurodegeneration, or reduced function at the time of nerve transplantation, which comprises galectin-11 or a derivative thereof as an active ingredient as defined above.
- a therapeutic agent for a neuropathy such as nerve damage, neurodegeneration, or reduced function at the time of nerve transplantation, which comprises galectin-11 or a derivative thereof as an active ingredient as defined above.
- Therapeutic agents include, in addition to common suitable liquid or solid carriers, diluents, preservatives, solubilizers,? A preservative and an adjuvant may be included (see Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Nineteenth Edition, Mack Publishing Company, 1995).
- Such compositions may be in the form of liquids or solids, and may be a diluent selected from buffers of different pH and ionic strength (eg, Tris-HCl, acetate, phosphate).
- Additives such as albumin or gelatin to prevent adsorption to surfaces, surfactants (eg Tween 20, Tween 80, Pluronic F68, bile salts), solubilizers (eg glycerol, polyethylene glycol) , An antioxidant (eg, ascorbic acid, sodium metabisulfite), a preservative (eg, thimerosal, benzyl alcohol, paraben), an excipient or an isotonic agent (eg, lactose, mannitol). .
- surfactants eg Tween 20, Tween 80, Pluronic F68, bile salts
- solubilizers eg glycerol, polyethylene glycol
- An antioxidant eg, ascorbic acid, sodium metabisulfite
- a preservative eg, thimerosal, benzyl alcohol, paraben
- an excipient or an isotonic agent eg, lactose,
- covalent bonding of proteins to water-soluble polymers such as polyethylene dalicol, complexation with metal ions, or in or on the surface of granular preparations of polymerized compounds such as polylactic acid, polydalicholate, hydrogel, etc.
- water-soluble polymers such as polyethylene dalicol
- complexation with metal ions or in or on the surface of granular preparations of polymerized compounds such as polylactic acid, polydalicholate, hydrogel, etc.
- polymerized compounds such as polylactic acid, polydalicholate, hydrogel, etc.
- the therapeutic agent of the present invention includes parenteral, pulmonary, nasal, oral, and local implantation.
- Various administration routes are possible, depending on the administration route, such as granular form, protective coating, compounding of protease inhibitors, compounding of absorption enhancers, inclusion in biomaterials such as collagen or biocompatible materials, etc. It can be.
- Dosage forms include, but are not limited to, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, tablets, pills, capsules, aerosols, enteric agents, sustained release formulations, and implantable formulations.
- the protein of the present invention may be contained in a collagen gel and directly embedded in a local neuropathy.
- a necessary component such as a drug or a carrier may be used as a biocompatible material ( For example, it can be enclosed in a tube made of silicon rubber, collagen, polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, etc.).
- Therapeutic agent containing the protein of the present invention a normally 0. 0 1 ⁇ gZk g body weight ⁇ 1 mgZk g body weight as an active ingredient, the age, weight, condition, sex, depending on the administration route and the like, once a day It can be administered about to several times. However, dosages are not limited to this range, and can vary with various therapeutic factors.
- the proteins of the present invention are useful in treating a number of nervous system disorders.
- Other additional factors include NGF, BDNF, NT-3, NT-4 / 5, NT-6, and other neuro-entry families, insulin, IGF-I, IGF- Insulin families such as ⁇ , FGF families such as aFGF, bFGF, and FGF-5; interleukins such as IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, and IL-6; LIF, GM- CSF, G-CSF, EP0, TP0, CNTF, oncostatin M, TNF ⁇ , thioredoxin, GDNF, TGF EGF, growth promoting activity, growth inhibitor
- ganglioside adenocord such as GM1 and GM2 Alenocorticotropic hormone (ATCH), thyrotropin-releasing hormon (TRH), hippocampal cholinergic neurotrophic peptide (HCNP)) and neuropeptides such as corticotropin-releasing hormon (CRF).
- Desirable examples include NGF, BDNF, NT-3, NT-4 / 5, NT-6, IGF-I, IGF-n, CNTF, and GDNF.
- the protein of the present invention is useful for treating a nervous system disorder even when combined with an extracellular matrix or a paraneural cell.
- the extracellular matrix include laminin, fibronectin, thrombospondin, collagen and the like.
- Paraneural cells include Schwann cells, fibroblasts, satellite cells, macrophages, glial cells, and the like. Combination of paraneural cells with the basement membrane is also useful for treating neuropathy. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that the protein of the present invention promotes the regeneration and remyelination of neurites from damage due to nerve severing, buckling, freezing and the like.
- a dorsal root ganglion with nerve fibers is embedded in collagen gel to examine the neurite regeneration effect from the cut end of the nerve fiber (Horie H. et al, eurosci Lett 121, 125-128 (1991 ), Horie H. et al. NeuroReport 2, 521-524 (1991)) showed a clear neurite regeneration effect.
- nerve regeneration from nerve injury caused by amputation of the sciatic nerve, sciatic nerve, and freezing was demonstrated.
- a previously reported method S. Varon, et al, plOl-122 in "Frontiers of clinical neuroscience, vol.6 ⁇ Neural Regeneration and Transplantation J" edited by FJSeiKAlan R Liss, Inc. (1989), G.
- the use of the protein of the present invention is useful for promoting nerve regeneration and recovering function at the time of central and peripheral nerve injury due to trauma due to an accident or surgical operation.
- treatment of disorders caused by nerve damage due to therapeutic measures such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy for diseases such as cancer and AIDS.
- It can also be used for neuropathy due to central and peripheral nerve damage caused by drugs or chemicals such as heavy metals and alcohols.
- Neuropathy can also result from nerve damage caused by ischemic infection, malignant tumors and metabolic abnormalities, such as diabetic neuropathy and abnormal functions of the kidneys and liver.
- neuropathy is also caused by degeneration of specific nervous system cells, for example, neurodegenerative diseases such as motor neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alheimer's disease.
- the protein of the present invention can be used for treating neuropathy caused by nerve damage or degeneration as described above. It can also be administered to patients undergoing peripheral nerve transplantation at the time of nerve injury or artificial nerve transplantation. It is also useful for neurological dysfunction due to abnormal production of the protein of the present invention.
- the present invention further provides a method for producing the protein of the present invention using an antibody column.
- An antibody column is obtained by binding an antibody that cross-reacts with the protein of the present invention to a column support.
- the whole protein or a fragment thereof having an antigenic determinant can be used as an antigen.
- Antibodies include both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, as well as chimeric, ie, “recombinant”, antibodies produced by known methods.
- Various antigen determinations Monoclonal antibodies are each an antibody to a single antigenic determinant on an antigen, as opposed to conventional antibodies (polyclonal) which generally contain various antibodies to the epitopes (epitopes).
- the protein of the present invention is emulsified in Freund's complete adjuvant to immunize animals such as egrets, mice, rats, guinea pigs, and sheep, and is further immunized with Freund's incomplete adjuvant. Boost every other week to obtain antiserum for exsanguination. If necessary, the antiserum is subjected to, for example, ammonium sulfate fractionation to roughly purify IgG, and the crudely purified product is then applied to an affinity column (for example, using CNBr-activated Sepharose) to which the purified protein has been bound.
- an affinity column for example, using CNBr-activated Sepharose
- Monoclonal antibodies are prepared from culture supernatants of hybridoma cells or from ascites induced by intraperitoneal inoculation of mice with hybridoma cells.
- the Hypridoma technology first described by Kohler and Milstein (Eur. J. Immunol. 6, 511-519 (1976)) possesses high levels of monoclonal antibodies against a number of specific antigens. It can be used extensively to generate hybrid cell systems.
- Monoclonal antibodies can be prepared as follows.
- mice eg, BALB / c
- an adjuvant such as dead cells by intraperitoneal injection
- the production of antibodies is confirmed and the spleen is removed from the mice.
- Splenocytes are prepared and immediately transformed into a myeloma cell line (eg, X63, NS-1) in a HAT (containing hypoxanthine, aminopterin, and thymidine) medium in the presence of polyethylene glycol (eg, # 4000).
- HAT containing hypoxanthine, aminopterin, and thymidine
- the specific antibody-producing cells are inoculated into the peritoneal cavity of a mouse and cloned to obtain a monoclonal antibody.
- a monoclonal antibody see, for example, Tatsuo Iwasaki et al., “Monoclonal Antibody-Hybrid-Ma and ELiSA” (1987) Kodansha Listed in Scientific, Tokyo, Japan.
- the antibody obtained as described above is bound to a gel such as agarose gel such as Sepharose (manufactured by Pharmacia) activated with cyanogen bromide to produce an antibody column, and a natural source (for example, A conditioned medium containing nerve regeneration promoting activity, or a liquid derived from human lung, kidney, placenta, etc.), recombinant cells or cultures, is allowed to flow and adsorbed, and a salt concentration gradient, pH change, denaturing agent is applied.
- a gel such as agarose gel such as Sepharose (manufactured by Pharmacia) activated with cyanogen bromide to produce an antibody column
- a natural source for example, A conditioned medium containing nerve regeneration promoting activity, or a liquid derived from human lung, kidney, placenta, etc.
- recombinant cells or cultures is allowed to flow and adsorbed, and a salt concentration gradient, pH change, denaturing agent is applied.
- the protein of the present invention can be separated and purified
- a stabilizer such as a saccharide or a surfactant may be added.
- Sugars include mannitol, lactose, sucrose, maltose, glucose, inositol, xylose, sorbitol, fructose, galactose, ribose, mannose, cellobiose and cyclodextrin. Available. Of these, sorbitol, mannitol, and sucrose are preferred.
- surfactants include polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters such as polysorbate 80 and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (also known as polysorbate 20); Sorbitan fatty acid esters such as polyoxyethylenepolypropylene glycol, sorbitan monooleate, sucrose fatty acid esters such as sucrose monopolyphosphate, aromatic quaternary ammonium salts such as benzethonium chloride and benzalkonium chloride; Sodium caprylate and sodium sulfite can be used.
- polysorbate 80, polysorbate 20 and polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil are preferred.
- saccharides and surfactants used in the present invention are 0.1 to 50% (W / V) in the case of saccharides and 0 in the case of surfactants in the protein-containing therapeutic agent of the present invention. It can be used in the range of 0.001 to 50% (w / v).
- the protein-containing therapeutic agent of the present invention has the above-described neurotrophic activity. Included are various proteins, as well as chemically modified proteins of the present invention wherein the protein is bound to at least one water-soluble polymer.
- Water-soluble polymers include, for example, polyethylene glycol, monomethoxy-polyethylene glycol, dextran, poly (N-vinylpyridone) polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol homopolymer, polypropylene oxide / ethylene oxydopomer.
- polyvinyl alcohol selected from polyvinyl alcohol.
- These polymers can be covalently linked to the ⁇ -amino group of a mono-amino group at the N-terminus of the protein via a reactive group such as an aldehyde.
- the protein of the present invention preferably reacts with a reactive polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecule to add PEG to the protein of the present invention.
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- the molecular weight of PEG is preferably 6 kDa to 50 kDa.
- the protein of the present invention is useful as a nerve regeneration-promoting agent at the time of neuropathy, which promotes the regeneration of neurites and the repair of nerve tissue, and promotes the maintenance of survival.
- evaluation of the in vivo mouth of peripheral nerve regeneration was performed as follows.
- Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) with nerve fibers is extracted from animals and cultured in a collagen gel, and used as an in vitro model. Measurement of the factor's activity in promoting nerve regeneration and maintaining survival using this system was performed as described in a previously published paper (H. Horie et al, euroReport, 8, 1955-1959, 1997). From the 3-month-old Wistar rat, T2 to T11 DRGs with nerve fiber bundles 1 to 2 mm in length were removed. This DRG was placed on a culture dish placed on ice (0 ° C).
- a collagen solution (0.5 collagen (Type I) solution (A) dissolved in dilute acetic acid solution), a 10-fold concentrated minimum essential medium (MEM) (B ), it was dissolved 2.2gNaHC0 3 and 4.77gHEPES to 0.05NNaOH
- the dish was immediately heated to 37 ° C and kept warm for 5 minutes to gel the collagen solution. Then fill the dish with Ham's F12 medium containing 5 g / ml insulin, 5 ⁇ g / ml transferrin, 20 nM progesterone, 30 nM sodium selenite, 0. They were cultured in C0 2 containing water vapor saturated atmosphere 37 ° C.
- Example 1 After adding various concentrations of nerve regeneration-promoting factors and fractions during purification to the medium, and culturing for 6 to 7 days, the number of regenerating neurites from the cut end of nerve fiber was measured under a phase-contrast microscope. . For each DRG, the number of regenerating neurites at the distal and central nerve fiber cutting edges was measured, and the average and standard error values were calculated from all the measured DRGs to statistically determine the superiority of the activity. evaluated.
- Example 1 Example 1
- RNA extraction reagent by AGPC method (Chomczynski P, et al., Anal. Biochem. 162, 156-159, 1987)].
- Primary rat hepatocytes were prepared using the enzyme perfusion method (Satoshi Nakamura, Primary Cultured Hepatocyte Experiment Method, 1987, Gakkai Shuppan Center, Tokyo, Japan), and cultured in collagen-coated culture flasks.
- the test was performed in a serum-free culture medium supplemented with aprotinin (Sigma).
- the primary culture cells prepared from 8-week-old rats of the liver were plated 8X 10 6 per one to 25 sheets of 175cm 2 culture flasks (manufactured by Falco emissions Co.), 37 ° C in 5% CO 2 incubator in After 2 days incubation, remove the culture medium from the flask and add 4 ml of IS0GEN solution per plate, and suspend well. After that, the mixture was collected.
- Each plate of the rat primary culture hepatocyte cDNA library prepared in Experimental Example 2 was transferred to 15 ml of 2XLB medium containing 50 g / ml of Ampici 11 in (2% Tryptone, 1% yeast extract, 1% NaCl, After culturing overnight in 0.2% Glucose), 0.5 ml of autoclaved glycerin was added to 0.5 ml of the culture, mixed, and stored at -80 ° C. 200 ⁇ l of this stock was cultured overnight in 50 ml of LB medium (1% Tryptone 0.5% yeast extract, 0.5% NaCl, 0.1% Glucose) containing 50 g / ml Ampici 11 in.
- C0S1 cells ATCC CRL1650
- IMDM Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Medium
- FCS 10% fetal calf serum
- the culture supernatant was removed by suction, and the flask was washed twice with IMDM. Then, 0.02% of serum albumin, 20 ⁇ g / ml of human insulin (manufactured by Gibco), 20 g / ml ml of transfection 65ml IMDM containing Elin (manufactured by Gibco), 40 ⁇ monoethanolamine (manufactured by Sigma), ⁇ . ⁇ sodium selenite (manufactured by Sigma), and 5% carbon dioxide gas culture The cells were cultured in an incubator at 37 ° C for 3 days, and the culture supernatant was collected.
- the obtained culture supernatant was sufficiently dialyzed against F12 medium, and the activity of promoting nerve regeneration was measured in the above-mentioned in vitro assay system. As a result, a nerve regeneration-promoting activity was observed in the culture supernatant of C0S1 cells in which the plasmid of one pool was transfected and expressed.
- pool was diluted 10 5 times in CircleGrow TM (BIO Ltd. 101) medium containing Ampicillin of 50 ⁇ g / ml, 18 pieces of Ju - Bed in 2.5ml Dzu' Aliquot and incubate overnight [Plating 50 ⁇ l of the diluted solution on LB agar medium containing Ampicillin (1.5% agar added to LB medium), culture at 37 ° C overnight, and count the number of colonies that appear. As a result, it was confirmed that one tube contained 8.2 ⁇ 10 3 types of cDNA clones. In other words, 8.2X 10 3 pieces of the pool was created. :].
- plasmid DNA of the cDNA clone pRLF obtained in Example 3 was performed essentially as described in Molecular Cloning [Sambrook et al., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1989)]. About 700 g of plasmid DNA was obtained from 40 ml of CIRCLEGR0W TM medium overnight culture containing 50 ⁇ g / ml Ampicillin inoculated with clone pRLF. The obtained plasmid DNA was synthesized based on the universal primers and the sequence of the identified cDNA. [Synthesis was performed using a PerkinElmer 3940 D NAZRNA synthesizer (3-cyanoethylamidite synthesis method).
- Purification was performed using an OPC column for purification of synthetic DNA (a column packed with reverse-phase silica gel and used to purify synthetic 0NA with trityl groups).
- the purified synthetic DNA was dissolved in a TE solution to 20 ⁇ and stored at 120 ° C until use.)
- the primers consist of approximately 20 bases of oligonucleotides as primers.
- Dye Deoxy TM Terrainater Cycle Sequening Kit Perkin Elmer, Inc .; dideoxy method using PCR with fluorescent dye: Sanger F. et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
- Rat Multiple Tissue Northern Blot [manufactured by CLONTECH; nylon membrane with poly (A) + RNA from each rat tissue] to confirm whether pRLF is full-length and to identify mRNA-producing organs
- Nozzle blotting was performed by using.
- Northern blotting was performed essentially as described in Molecular Cloning [Sambrook. Et al., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1989 ⁇ 1). Perform 1 hour at 42 ° C in a 20 ml solution containing 200 g / ml salmon sperm DNA, 1% SDS, and 0.8% agarose gel after digestion of pRLF with restriction enzymes Notl and EcoRI.
- pRLF was considered to be an incomplete length.
- the 5 'end was obtained by the method.
- two PCR primers corresponding to the uppermost stream of the cDNA transfected with pRLF were synthesized.
- the sequence is as follows: Flf: 5, -GTGGTCAGGTTTGGCTCATA-3 '(complementary strand of 52-71 of SEQ ID NO: 2 in the sequence listing; SEQ ID NO: 13).
- EF1 -2 5 '-GGATCTTGGTTCATTCTCAAG-3' (SEQ ID NO: 15; Cloning site of pEF18S EcoRI-Located outside the EcoRI of Notl and looking into the closing site).
- a plasmid (Flf and cDNA) of a cDNA library (independent clone; 3.2 ⁇ 10 6 ) prepared from mRNA of primary cultured rat liver cells was used as a type II plasmid.
- EFla-2) PCR was performed using each lOpmol.
- PCR using TaKaRaLA Taq (Takara Shuzo) with GeneAmp TM PCR System 2400 (PerkinElmer) at a volume of ⁇ (denaturation at 94 ° C for 5 minutes, then The reaction was performed 35 times under denaturing conditions of 30 seconds, annealing conditions of 57 ° C for 30 seconds, synthesis conditions of 72 ° C for 2 minutes, and a synthesis reaction was further performed at 72 ° C for 5 minutes.) . In addition, PCR was performed using lOpmol of each of the synthesized primers (Fig. And EFla-2) using a 4-fold dilution of this reaction solution ( ⁇ ) as a template. Conditions are the same as the first time.
- Flh 5'-CCAAGTCCGTATCTCCATCA-3 '(complementary strand of 118 to 137 of SEQ ID NO: 3 in the sequence listing; SEQ ID NO: 16).
- Primer synthesized using rat spleen 5'-RACE-Ready cDNA (manufactured by CL0NTECH) as type III; Flh and Anchor Primer (attached to 5'-RACE-Ready cDNA; added to the 5 'end of cDNA) PCR was performed using each lOpmol.
- PCR using TaKaRa LA Taq (Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd., Japan) with GeneAmp TM PCR System 2400 (PerkinElmer Inc.) in a volume of 50 1 (denaturing conditions at 94 ° C for 45 sec. The reaction was carried out 30 times under the annealing conditions of 45 seconds under the annealing conditions and the synthesis conditions of 72 ° C.
- PCR was performed using 7 pmol of each. PCR using Amp1 i Taq® (PerkinElmer) with GeneAmp TM PCR System 2400 (PerkinElmer) at 30 volumes
- Flj 5'-TCCTCCTCGACACGCACTCC-3 '(complementary sequence of 64 to 183 of SEQ ID NO: 4 in the sequence listing; SEQ ID NO: 20).
- This fragment was cloned into a PCRTM II vector, a fragment was prepared from the colony using PCR as before, and the nucleotide sequence was determined.
- the primers were M13 Reverse Primer (described above) and T7 Primer (5 ' -TAATACGACTCACTATAGGG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 21)].
- an upstream sequence (sequence number 5) of 317 ′ base was further obtained, and the total length reached 1571 bases in total (sequence number 6). Since the result agreed with the result of Northern analysis, almost full length was obtained. It was thought that it was.
- the pRLF clone was shake-cultured at 37 ° C in LB medium containing SO g / ml of Ampicilin at a temperature of 37 ° C (1.5 L of medium was placed per 3 L of Sakaguchi Corben), and centrifuged to rehydrate the 170 L culture medium. E. coli weighing 850 g was obtained. Using 5 g of this E.
- pRLF plasmid was extracted using a plasmid extraction kit; RPM®-4G (manufactured by BIO 101). As a result, 300 mg of pRLF plasmid was obtained from a 170 L overnight culture solution.
- Transfection of plasmid pRLF into C0S1 cells was performed by the method described above (Example 3), and a total of 294 L of culture supernatant of pRLF-transduced C0S1 cells was obtained and used as a source of purification.
- the supernatant was collected after centrifugation at 8000 RPM for 30 minutes to remove dead cell debris from culture supernatant lot 1 (42.81 L, protein concentration; 0.297 mg / mK total protein content; 12698 mg) of pRLF-introduced C0S1 cells. .
- the obtained supernatant was filtered at 4 ° C with a molecular weight lOOKDa cut ultrafiltration membrane (manufactured by Pall Filtron, membrane area 0.46 m 2 ), and the filtrate was filtered with a molecular weight of 5 kDa cut ultrafiltration.
- the solution was concentrated using a filtration membrane (manufactured by Pall Filtration Co., Ltd., membrane area 0.46 m 2 ).
- the obtained fraction of 5KDa or less 40.73L, protein concentration; below the detection limit
- the fraction of 5KDa or more and lOOKDa or less 320ml, protein concentration of 39.252fflg / ml, total protein content: 12560mg
- the fraction of lOOKDa or more 800ml
- nerve regeneration-promoting activity was detected in fractions of 5 KDa or more and 10 OOKDa or less. Proceeded to the next step.
- the eluate was changed to 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) containing 750 mM NaCl, and the adsorbed fraction Q2 (590 ml, protein concentration 20.63 lmg / m1, total protein mass 12172 mg) was added at a flow rate of 5 ml / min. Eluted.
- nerve regeneration promoting activity was detected in the adsorbed fraction Q2, so this adsorbed fraction Q2 was carried on to the next step.
- Frl6 350 ml, protein concentration 4.303 mg / ml, total protein mass 1506 mg
- FrlO corresponding to a molecular weight of 30 kDa to 5 kDa.
- the remaining 50 ml was fractionated using a Sephacryl S-200 HR column to obtain Frl6 (350 ml, protein concentration 4.480 mg / mi, total protein amount 1568 mg) from the active fraction FrlO.
- the Sephacryl S-200 HR activity 'fraction obtained by two chromatographic fractionations was combined into one fraction (700 ml, protein concentration 4.391 nig / nil, total protein amount 3074 mg), and subjected to ultrafiltration. It was concentrated to 50 ml with a unit (Amicon; YM3 membrane, diameter 76 marauder). Then, it was again added to a Sephacryl S-200 HR column (Pharmacia Biotech, ⁇ > 5 cm x 100 cm) at 4 ° C at a flow rate of 2.5111! ⁇ 11.
- Toko filtrate nerve regeneration promoting activity was DRG Atsusi corresponds to a molecular weight 15 KDa FRL3, 14 (100 ml, protein concentration 0.224mg / nil, total protein 22.039in g) because it was detected in This fraction was advanced to the next step.
- Lot 1 100 ml, protein concentration 0.224 mg / ml, total protein 22.039 mg Lot 2: 50 ml, protein concentration 0.313 mg / m and total protein 15.672 mg lot 3: 50 ml, protein concentration 0.366 mg / nil, Total protein 18.300mg lot 4: 50ml, protein concentration 0.316mg / nil, total protein 15.800mg lot 5: 100ml, protein concentration 0.230mg / ml, total protein 22.950mg lot 6: 50ral, protein concentration 0.305 mg / nil, total protein mass 15.240mg lots 7: 50ml, protein concentration 0.245m g / ml, total protein mass 12.250mg.
- the eluate was fractionated in 4 ml aliquots and subjected to DRG assay to find that nerve regeneration promoting activity was detected in Fr39, 40 (8 ml, protein concentration 0.02 mg / ml, total protein mass 0.16 mg ) with a NaCl concentration of about 250 mM. This fraction was taken to the next step.
- the fractions combining Lot 3 and Lot 4 the fraction combining Lot 5 and Lot 6, and Lot 7-3
- Each fraction was purified by Shodex IEC DEAE-2025 to obtain a Shodex IEC DEAE-2025 active fraction.
- the Shodex IEC DEAE-2025 active fraction of each mouth obtained in () was combined into one fraction (32 ml, protein concentration 0.0188 mg / ml, total protein mass 0.6 mg), and the ultrafiltration unit ( The solution was concentrated to 4 ml with an Amicon; YM 3 membrane, diameter 43 mm). To this fraction were added 0.5 ml of 2-propanol, 0.5 ml of acetonitrile and 0.0025 ml of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) to prepare a final volume of 5.0025 ml, a final organic solvent concentration of 20%, and a TFA concentration of 0.05%.
- TFA trifluoroacetic acid
- the mixture was injected into a column (YMC, ⁇ 2.1 lram x 150 mm) at a flow rate of 0.2 ml / min. After completion of the injection, the mixture was developed from 40% B to 60% B with a linear concentration gradient of 30 minutes.
- the eluate was fractionated in 0.4 ml aliquots and subjected to DRG assay.
- the nerve regeneration promoting activity was Fr44,45 (0.8 ml, protein concentration 0.012 mg / ml, total protein mass 0.0096 mg), which had an organic solvent concentration of about 50%. ), So this fraction was taken to the next step.
- Electrophoresis was carried out according to a conventional method (Laemmli, Nature, Vol. 227, pp. 680-685, (1970)).
- the molecular weight of the prestained 'broad range marker 16.5 KDa band was used as a guide, and 14 of the regions where the sample was added were 1.6 mm wide in a low molecular weight region from the 16.5 KDa band. Cut to gel. After placing the cut 14 gels into an Eppendorf tube containing 5001 purified water containing I.25 tg of transferrin, place the tubes in a rotator and at 4 ° C. Rotated. After 16 hours, the extract was recovered, and 500 ⁇ l of purified water containing 1.25 g of transphenylene was added.
- the extract was collected, and 1 ml of the protein extract present in the gel was obtained together with the extract collected first. Thereafter, 20 ⁇ l of 1 M potassium phosphate (pH 6.8) was added to each tube to remove free SDS present in the extract, and the tube was left at 4 ° C. for 4 hours. In addition, centrifuge at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes to remove the formed precipitate. Then, an extract of the protein present in the gel was obtained by collecting the supernatant. After the extract was dialyzed against Atsey medium and subjected to DRG attestation, the nerve regeneration promoting activity was detected in the gel extracts of No. 3 and No. 4 corresponding to a molecular weight of about 14,500 Da. Since a protein band was present at a position corresponding to this molecular weight on the electrophoresis gel subjected to the silver staining described above, it was found that the protein having a molecular weight of about 14,500 Da was the active protein.
- 1 M potassium phosphate pH 6.8
- PVDF polyvinylidene difluoride
- YMC-Pack PROTEIN RP active fraction 786.6 1 was centrifugally evaporated, added with 30 1 of SDS gel electrophoresis sample buffer without reducing agent, treated at 95 ° C for 5 minutes, and then treated with 15-25% SDS-polyacrylamide.
- transfer was performed to a PVDF membrane (ProBlott, manufactured by PerkinElmer) using a constant current of 150 mA for 3 hours.
- 0.3 M Tris, 20% methanol, pH 10.4 for anolyte, 25 mM Tris, 20% methanol, pH 10.4 for transfer membrane solution, 25 mM Tris, 40 mM aminocabronate, 20% methanol, ⁇ for catholyte .4 was used.
- the transferred membrane is stained with Coomassie Priliant Blue (CBB) staining solution (40% methanol, containing 0.1% CBB R-250 in 1% acetic acid), and removed with 50% methanol.
- CBB Coomassie Priliant Blue
- a CBB-stained protein band having a molecular weight of about 14500 Da and having a nerve regeneration-promoting activity on the PVDF membrane obtained in (7) of Example 7 was cut out, and lmg of dithioslite (DTT) was placed in an Etbendorf tube.
- DTT dithioslite
- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- the PVDF membrane was washed sequentially with purified water, 2% acetonitril, and USDS to remove excess reagent remaining on the membrane.
- AP2 PGECLLRVRGEVA (SEQ ID NO: 22);
- a P 4 LP D GY E (SEQ ID NO: 23);
- AP6 DSNNLCLHFN (SEQ ID NO: 24).
- PCR primers corresponding to human galectin monocDNA were synthesized based on GENBANK ACCESSION NO. J04456.
- the array is as follows: HLEG1: 5 '— TGCGCCTGCCCGGGAACATC-3' (15-34 of GENBANK ACCESSION NO. J04456; SEQ ID NO: 25);
- HLEG2 5'-GAACATCCTCCTGGACTCAA-3 '(28-47 of GENBANK ACCESSION NO. J04456; SEQ ID NO: 26);
- HLEG6 5'-GCTGCCTTTATTGGGGGCCA-3 '(complementary strand of 472-491 of GENBANK ACCESSION NO. J04456; SEQ ID NO: 27);
- HLEG8 5'-GAGAGAGCGGCCGCATTGGGGGCCATGGGCTGGC-3 '(Notl site was added to 5' of the complementary strand of 463-482 of GENBANK ACCESSION NO. J04456; SEQ ID NO: 28).
- PCR was performed using 40 pmol of each of the synthesized primers (HLEG1 and HLEG6).
- TaKaRa LA Taq (Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd., Japan)
- GeneAmp TM PCR System 2400 PerkinElmer
- the reaction was performed 35 times under denaturing conditions at 30 ° C for 30 seconds, annealing conditions at 60 ° C for 30 seconds, and synthesis conditions at 72 ° C for 1 minute, followed by a synthesis reaction at 72 ° C for 5 minutes.) went. Furthermore, PCR was carried out using this reaction mixture ( ⁇ ) as a template and the synthesized primers (HLEG2 and HLEG8) of 40 pmo 1 each. Conditions were the same as the first time except that the annealing temperature was 55 ° C. After treating this reaction solution with phenol chloroform (1: 1), apply 1/10 volume of 3M NaOAc and 2 volumes of ethanol! ] And centrifuged to obtain pellets.
- the pellets are blunted with T4 DNA polymerase (manufactured by Behringer Mannheim), digested with Notl, run on a 2% agarose gel, and the expected fragments of approximately 460 bp in size are recovered and prepped.
- T4 DNA polymerase manufactured by Behringer Mannheim
- One A—Gene was purified using a DNA purification kit. This fragment was digested with EcoRI, blunted with T4 DNA polymerase, and cloned into NoU-digested PEF18S (the host used was E. coli DH5).
- Primer EF1 ⁇ -1 (cloning site EcoRI of pEF18S, located outside EcoRI of NoU, direction to look at the closing site; 5'-CCTCAGACAGTGGTTCAAAG-3 '; SEQ ID NO 29), polyAC2 (located on the outside of Notl of the closing site EcoRI-Notl of pEF18S and oriented toward the cloning site; 5'-TGCATTCATTTTATGTTTCAG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 30) After amplification by PCR using 7pmo1 (5 reactions at 94 ° C for 5 minutes, 35 reactions at 94 ° C for 30 seconds / 50 ° C for 30 seconds at 72 ° C for 1 minute), 2% agarose gel Then, a fragment of the expected size of about 500 bp was recovered and purified using a Prep-A-Dien DNA purification kit.
- C0S1 cell-expressed Gall (1-134) Confirmation of DRG activity of C0S1 cell-expressed protein of human galectin-1 cDNA clone pEFGaU (hereinafter referred to as C0S1 cell-expressed Gall (1-134))
- the plasmid pEFGall incorporating the human galectin-lcDNA obtained in Example 9 was transfected into C0S1 cells, and Gall (1—134) extracted from C0S1 cells in the C0S1 cell culture medium and nerve-regenerated. It was confirmed whether or not it had promoting activity.
- the clone pEFGall was cultured overnight in 100 ml of LB medium containing 50 ⁇ g / ml Ampicillin, and the plasmid was extracted from the cells obtained by centrifugation using the QIAGEN Plasraid Maxi Kit (manufactured by QIAGE). Transfection of the plasmid pEFGall into C0S1 cells was performed using a transfectam reagent [Dioctadecylamide glycylspermine (D0GS) manufactured by Promega Corporation]. 5 ⁇ 10 6 C0S1 cells were sown in a tissue culture blasting flask having a culture surface area of 225 cm 2 , and cultured in IMDM medium containing 10% FBS.
- D0GS Dioctadecylamide glycylspermine
- IMDM medium After washing with 20 ml of IMDM medium, 6.5 ml of IMDM medium was newly added. Further, 6.5 ml of IMDM medium containing 65 g of plasmid pEFGall and 6.5 ml of IMDM medium containing transfectam reagent 325 were mixed, added, and cultured at 37 ° C for 6 hours. After that, the culture solution was removed by suction, and 52 ml of IMDM medium containing 10% FBS was newly added, followed by culturing for 2 days. After completion of the culture, 50 ml of the culture supernatant and cells were collected. The culture supernatant was dialyzed overnight against 2 L of PBS containing 5 mM DTT and then filtered.
- the cells were homogenized in 10 ml of PBS containing 100 mM lactose and 5 mM DTT. Thereafter, centrifugation at 10,000 G for 30 minutes was performed at 4 ° C. The supernatant was collected, dialyzed overnight against 2 L of PBS containing 5 mM DTT, and filtered to obtain a cell extract. The obtained culture supernatant and cell extract were added at a flow rate of 0.25 ml / min to a lactose agarose column (Honen, 5.05.0 nun X 50 mm) equilibrated with PBS containing 5 mM DTT, respectively. The eluted fraction eluted.
- the fragment containing the amplified starter lectin-1 start codon to stop codon was digested with Ncol and BamHI, and then run on a 0.8% agarose gel. Fragments of the same size were recovered, purified using a Prep A-Gene DNA purification kit, and inserted into pET-3d digested with Ncol and BamHI (the host used was E. coli DH5a).
- a clone pETGall (1-134) having the correct nucleotide sequence of human galectin-1 cDNA (the nucleotide sequence from Ncol to BamHI of the vector is shown in SEQ ID NO: 7) was selected by nucleotide sequence analysis. Plasmid was extracted using GFX TM Micro Plasmid Prep Kit (Pharmacia), and Epicurian Coli BL21 (DE3) Competent Ce 1 is (Stratagene; T7 RNA polymerase gene downstream of Lac UV5 of Lysogenic Lambda phage) The resulting E. coli strain was used as a transformant for expression of Gall (1-134). The sequence of the primer for PCR used here is as follows:
- HLEG12 5'-AGAGTGGATCCTTATCAGTCAAAGGCCACACATTTG-3 '(BamHI site was added to the 5' end of the complementary strand of 436-457 of GENBANK ACCESSION NO. J04456; SEQ ID NO: 31);
- Gall (1-134) was obtained from Escherichia coli transfected with pETGall (1-134), a plasmid for expression of Escherichia coli incorporating human galectin-1 cDNA, and it was confirmed whether or not it had an activity to promote neural regeneration. .
- the clone obtained in Example 11 was spread on an LB agar medium containing 50 ⁇ g / ml of ampicillin, and cultured at 37 ° C. overnight to form a colony. shake cultured in LB medium 50ml containing emissions 50 ⁇ g / ml, was added to the LB medium 1000ml containing ampicillin 50 g / ml to the culture incipient 0D. 6O Q is 0.2, 0D 6QO is 0.5-0.6 Until 37 ° C. Then, IPTG was added to a final concentration of 0.1 mM, and the cells were further cultured with shaking for 3 hours to induce the expression of Gall (1-134).
- One liter of the bacterial cell culture was centrifuged at 10,000 G for 30 minutes to obtain a bacterial pellet expressing Gall (1-134).
- the pellet was suspended in 20 ml of PBS and sonicated under ice-cooling.
- the lysate was centrifuged at 10,000 G for 30 minutes, and Gall (1-134) was recovered as a soluble protein in the supernatant.
- the collected supernatant is dialyzed overnight against 2 L of 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), and 20 mM Tris-HCl containing 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) in developing solvent A and 500 mM NaCl in developing solvent B.
- Gall (1-134) contains six cysteines, it was found that human galectin-1 in pRLF-introduced COS 1 cell culture supernatant, which had nerve regeneration promoting activity, It is highly probable that SS bonds had been formed. Therefore, an SS bond formation reaction (refolding) was performed using copper sulfate as an oxidizing agent.
- the Gall (1 to 134) fraction (15 ml) of the DEAE column was diluted 20-fold with 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), and 1% copper sulfate aqueous solution was added to a final concentration of 0.0001%. Left overnight at ° C.
- the reaction solution (300 ml) was concentrated using an ultrafiltration unit (manufactured by Amicon; YM 3 membrane, diameter: 76 mm), and further buffer-exchanged to 20 mM sodium acetate buffer (pH 5.0).
- (Final solution volume: 50 nU) Using 20 mM sodium acetate buffer (pH 5.0) as the developing solvent A and 20 mM sodium acetate buffer (pH 5.0) containing 500 mM NaCl as the developing solvent 0%
- a TSKgel SP-5PW column equilibrated with B (manufactured by Tosoichi Co., Ltd., Japan; ⁇ 7.5 mm X 75 mm) was injected at a flow rate of 0.5 ml / min at room temperature.
- the eluate was fractionated by 2 ml, and each fraction was analyzed by electrophoresis.
- the two fractions having an acetonitrile concentration of about 34% and about 36% were separated into Gall (1-134 Only the bands considered to be) were detected.
- the mobility of the two bands was slightly different in electrophoresis under non-reducing conditions, but the mobilities were identical in electrophoresis after reduction. From these facts, it was inferred that these two bands are Gall (1-134) with different SS connection bridge styles.
- N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis was performed using a protein sequencer (Perkin Elmer, Inc., type 492). As a result, the following N-terminal amino acid sequence was detected (X is unidentified):
- the amino acid composition ratio of the purified protein is in very good agreement with the theoretical value of Gall (1–134), and the purified protein is Gall (1–134), and its purity is very high. Was confirmed.
- N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis and amino acid composition analysis were performed on the fraction eluted at an acetonitrile concentration of about 34. As a result, it was confirmed that the protein eluted in this fraction was Gall (1-134) in each analysis. Therefore, the concentration of Gall (1-134) in the resample was determined from the results of the amino acid analysis, and the fractions were adjusted to 0.5, 5, 50, 500, and 5000 pg / ml in Atsushi medium. After the re-adjustment, the activity of the DRG Atsusei nerve regeneration promoting was measured.
- the identification of the SS bond cross-linking pattern of the Escherichia coli-expressed Gall (1-134) (fraction eluted at about 36% acetate nitrile concentration) obtained in Example 12 was carried out using the mass of the peptide fragment after enzymatic digestion. The analysis was carried out.
- Gall (1-134) E. coli-expressed fraction 501 (corresponding to 15 g; concentration determined by amino acid analysis) was centrifugally evaporated, and then lOOmM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 6.8) 20 1 , And 0.6 g of trypsin (manufactured by Boehringer) was added, followed by digestion at 37 ° C for 16 hours.
- acetonitrile 7 '/ 3 containing 0.05% TFA in developing solvent A and 0.02% TFA in developing solvent B.
- the column temperature was 40 ° C
- the flow rate was 0.25ml / min
- the linear gradient from 13 ⁇ 4B to 50% B was 50 minutes. More fractionated (Fig. 5).
- a-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) dissolved at a high concentration was added to the mixture, and the mixture was air-dried after mixing. This was subjected to mass spectrometry using a Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) type mass spectrometer (Voyager Elite, manufactured by Perceptive). The following shows the fragment number, the detected mass number and the amino acid sequence assigned from the mass number:
- MALDI-TOF Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight
- Escherichia coli-expressed Gall (1 to 134) (the fraction eluted at about 45% acetonitrile concentration) is cross-linked by three pairs of SS bonds, one of which is Cys42-Cys60. Cys88 and Cys130 were also found to be cross-linked to either Cys2 or Cys16, respectively. Therefore, in order to identify the two sets of SS bond cross-linking modes of the remaining residue, lysylendopeptidase (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Japan) was added to TP9 for secondary digestion.
- the SS bond cross-linking pattern was identified for Escherichia coli-expressed Gall (1-134) eluted at about 34% acetonitrile concentration.
- the cross-linking patterns were Cys2-Cys42, Cysl6-Cys88 and It was a mixture of Cys60-Cysl30 form and Cys2-Cys60, Cysl6-Cys88 and Cys42-Cysl30 forms.
- Galectins belong to a family of proteins commonly called animal lectins. And binds to sugars containing / 3-galactoside.
- lectin activity -galaxide binding activity
- two methods affinity chromatography using ⁇ -galactoside as a ligand and hemagglutination activity measurement method, were used. Confirmed.
- the mixture was injected into a column (Honen, 05.0 mm ⁇ 50 mm) at a flow rate of 0.5 ml / min at 4 ° C. After completion of the injection, the mixture was developed from 0% B to 100% B with a linear concentration gradient of 30 minutes.
- the eluate was fractionated by 2 ml and electrophoresis analysis of each fraction revealed that Gall (1-134) with a molecular weight of 14500 Da was detected in the fraction passing through.
- Gall (1-134) was not a pure fraction but a lactose of about 10 mM. Eluted in the fraction with the highest concentration. From these results, it was confirmed that E. coli-expressed Gall (1-134) cannot bind to / 3-galactoside (lactose), but the reduction treatment restores the / 3-galactoside binding activity. .
- a two-fold dilution series was made up to g / ml (50 ⁇ 1 each). 50% of the 2% blood cell suspension was dispensed into each well and left at room temperature for 1 hour. At this time, reduce at room temperature for 2 hours with Concanapalin ⁇ and 5 mM DTT. The same dilution series was prepared for the treated E. coli-expressed Gall (1-134), and the hemagglutination activity was measured at the same time. As a result, Escherichia coli-expressed Gall (1-134) treated with concanapalin A and 5 mM DTT for 2 hours at room temperature showed hemagglutination activity at a concentration of 6.25 g / ml or more.
- Escherichia coli was immunized with Escherichia coli-expressed Gall (1-134) as an antigen to obtain anti-Gall (1 -134) antiserum.
- Escherichia coli-expressed Gall (1-134) purified using a TSKgel SP-5PW column (manufactured by Tosoichi Co., Ltd.) described in Example 12 was used. Immunization was carried out using two puppies, using a gall (1-134) and an oil-based adjuvant to prepare an emulsion, and then subcutaneously administering 20-200 g per chick for a total of six times over a period of about 2 months. After the immunization, whole blood was collected to obtain about 75 ml of serum per bird.
- the obtained antiserum showed a significant value up to a 204800-fold dilution, and a good antiserum with high specificity was obtained.
- the obtained antiserum was purified on a protein A column to prepare an immunoglobulin (IgG) fraction.
- 10 ml of the antiserum was diluted 2-fold with 10 ml of PBS, filtered, and injected onto a HiTrap Protein A column (Pharmacia, 1 ml gel) equilibrated with PBS.
- the adsorbed fraction was eluted with 5 ml of 100 mM glycine hydrochloride buffer (PH 2.7).
- PH 2.7 mM glycine hydrochloride buffer
- a tube into which 500 1 of 1 M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 9.0) had been previously dispensed was used.
- the flow-through fraction and the adsorbed fraction were analyzed by electrophoresis.
- the anti-Gall (1-134) IgG obtained in Example 15 was immobilized on a resin to prepare an anti-Gall (1-134) IgG column.
- the HiTrap NHS-activated (Pharmacia, lml gel) column was washed with 6 ml of lmM hydrochloric acid, and the above IgG solution (1 ml) was injected and left at room temperature for 30 minutes.
- wash buffer-A 0.5M ethanolamine containing 0.5M sodium chloride, pH 8.3
- wash buffer B 0.5M Washing was performed with 6 ml each of 0.1 M sodium acetate containing sodium chloride (pH 4.0), and 6 ml of washing buffer 1A was further injected, and the mixture was left at room temperature for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the column was washed with washing buffer B, washing buffer 1A, washing buffer 1B, and PBS in the order of 6 ml each to complete the preparation of the anti-Gall (1-134) IgG column.
- Example 16 This was equilibrated with PBS, and the anti-Gall (1-134) IgG column obtained in Example 16 was added to a Veristaltic pump (Pharmacia, Type P-1) at 0.5 ° C / ml at 4 ° C. At a flow rate of. After washing with 50 ml of PBS, the adsorbed fraction was eluted with 3 ml of 100 mM glycine hydrochloride buffer (pH 2.7). At this time, a tube to which 300 ⁇ l of 1 M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 9.0) had been previously dispensed was used.
- the sciatic nerve of an adult BALB / c mouse (female, 3-6 weeks old) was exposed at the thigh and cut.
- the lesion was centrally located on the central side of the cut end at 7mni with forcepts.
- An osmotic minip (Alzet, model 2002, 2 weeks or model 2001, 1 week) was placed subcutaneously on the back, and the central side of the sciatic nerve cut end was inserted into a polyethylene tube connected to a pump.
- the minipump is filled with 220 ⁇ l of Gall (l-134) solution previously adjusted to a concentration of S g / ml with physiological saline, and the solution is nervized for 14 or 7 days at a rate of 1.0 or 0.5 ⁇ 1 / h. Continuously fed into the cut end. Freezing damage was added to the 2-week model from the injury site to the cut edge. On the 7th and 14th days after the injury, perfusion fixation was performed with '4% paraformaldehyde, and the sciatic nerve was excised, and 2.5% daltar fixation was added. After post-fixation with osmium, the samples were embedded in ebon, ultrathin sections were prepared, and observed with an electron microscope. An electron microscope was used to observe the distal side of the injury site at 6 ⁇ , and the cut end, ie, the site 1mm centrally from the solution administration site.
- a collagen solution (0.3%) dissolved in 0.1% acetic acid extracted from the tail of the rat at 0 ° C under a condition of 0 ° C, 500 ng / ml Gall (134) was added to 0.8 ml of 10 ⁇ l, 10-fold concentration MEM (GIBC0, Minimum Essential Medium) 0. lml, it was added sequentially P H adjusted solution (dissolved Hepes 0.477 g in 0.3N NaOHlOml) 0. lml.
- a control collagen solution was similarly prepared without adding Gall (l-134). Each collagen solution was filled in a silicon tube on ice and heated to 37 ° C to gel the collagen, thereby producing a collagen gel silicon chamber.
- the right peroneal nerve was cut, and a control chamber was attached.
- the left and right chambers of the GaU (l-134) -containing chamber and the control chamber-based lumber bar were switched for each animal.
- the rats were anesthetized with Pentobarbital, perfused and fixed with zamboni fixative, and the transplantation chamber was excised.
- Tubing is fixed with 4% buffered aldehyde Frozen sections of longi tudinal or cross were prepared using Cryostat and immunostained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain, anti-neurofilament (NF) antibody and anti-S100 antibody.
- HE hematoxylin-eosin
- NF anti-neurofilament
- the migration distance of S100-positive Schwann cells and the elongation distance of NF-positive regenerating neurites from the cut end of the nerve fiber in a silicon tube were measured from HE-stained images of longitudinal sections and immunostained images with anti-S100 antibody and anti-NF antibody. did. The number of regenerating neurites positive for NF was counted from the cross section.
- the migration distance of cells migrated into the gel from the nerve cut end was measured.
- the migration distance of the migrating cells was increased by Gal 1 (1-134) compared to the control.
- the average distance traveled was 0.7 mm in the control, 1.1 mm in the Gal 1 (1-134) administration group, and 10 days after the operation, GallU was 1.2 mm in the control. -134)
- GallU-134) administration promoted cell migration at ⁇ .9 ⁇ in the treatment group.
- the S100-positive Schwann cells are the main cells of the migration cells and have reached the regenerating tip. As shown in FIG. 10, the NF-positive regenerating neurites have extended to the position of the schwann cells.
- the number of neurites was also found to be increased by Gall (l-134).
- Table 2 shows the number of regenerating neurites measured on two cross sections of 0.5 dragon and 1.0 mm from the cut end.
- the average value of the number of regenerating neurites at 0.5 mm from the cut end was 882 in the control group and 882 in the GallU-134 administration group, and the average value was 52 in the control at the position 1.0 mm from the cut end.
- the number of regenerative neurites increased significantly in the group treated with (1-134) 302.
- GST glutathione-S-transferase
- human galectin-1 amino acid 1-11344
- PCR was carried out using pEFGall as type II and two primers for PCR, HLEG11 and HLEG13 (94 ° C for 5 minutes, followed by 94 ° C for 30 seconds 60 ° C for 30 seconds 72 ° C1 Perform the reaction 25 times under the same synthesis conditions, and further react at 72 ° C for 5 minutes).
- HLEG11 5'-GAGAGAGGATCCCCATGGCTTGTGGTCTGGTCGC-3 '(BamHI site was added to the 5' end of 50-69 of GENBANK ACCESSION NO. J04456 so that it could be connected to GST-Tag in frame; SEQ ID NO: 50);
- HLEG13 5'-AGAGTGCGGCCGCTTATCAGTCAAAGGCCACACATTTG-3 '(Notl site was added to the 5' end of the complementary strand of 436-457 of GENBANK ACCESSION NO. J04456; SEQ ID NO: 51).
- This expression plasmid contains a GST protein followed by a Factor-1 Xa recognition sequence and a sequence encoding human galectin-1 (amino acid 1-134) [from Factor-1 Xa recognition sequence to human galectin- The amino acid sequence leading to 1 (amino acid 1-134) is shown in SEQ ID NO: 9. ].
- Example 2 1
- Daltathione-1S a fusion protein of human galectin-1 (amino acids 1-134), which converts transferase (GST) and amino acid 2 (Cys) to Ser (hereinafter referred to as GST-Gall (2 / Ser)
- Nucleotide number 56 (GENBANK ACCESSION NO. J04456) is clone pGEXGall (2 / Ser) which has the nucleotide sequence of human galectin-11 cDNA with nucleotide number 58 (GENBANK ACCESSION NO. J04456) converted to C (The base sequence from BamHI to Notl in the vector is SEQ ID NO: except that T at position 15 is changed to A and T at position 17 is changed to C.
- HLEG15 5,-GAGAGAGGATCCCCATGGCTAGCGGTCTGGTCG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 52; BamHI site was added to the 5' end of 50-68 of GENBANK ACCESSION NO. J04456 to connect the GST-Tag in frame. No. 56 was converted to A, and base No. 58 to C.);
- HLEG23 5'-AGAGAGCGGCCGCTTATCAGTCAAAGGCCACACATTT-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 53; NoU site was added to the 5' end of the complementary strand of 437-457 of GENBANK ACCESSION NO. J04456).
- This expression plasmid contains a GST protein followed by a Factor-1 Xa recognition sequence and a sequence encoding mutant human galectin-1 (from the Factor-1 Xa recognition sequence to mutant human galectin-1).
- the amino acid sequence is the same as SEQ ID NO: 9 except that the amino acid sequence is changed to Cys force Ser at position 10).
- GST glutathione-S-transferase
- human galectin-1 amino acids 1-134
- T of base number 440 (GENBANK ACCESSION NO. J04456) is A and base number 442 (GENBANK ACCESSION NO. J04456) clone pGEXGalUal 1 / Ser—3 '), which has a sequence with T converted to C (SEQ ID NO: 10 from the EcoRI site to the NoU site) is used for nucleotide sequence analysis. I chose it.
- the sequence of the synthetic primer used here is as follows:
- PCR was performed under the same conditions using 5 pmol of each of the synthesized primers (HLEG17 and HLEG20). After mixing the above two reaction solutions, a PCR reaction (5 times under the synthesis conditions of 94 ° C for 30 seconds and 72 ° C for 2 minutes) was performed, and a primer synthesized using ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ of this reaction solution as a template was used. (HLEG15 and HLEG19) PCR using 20 pmol each (100 1 volume, 94 ° C for 30 seconds, Z55 ° C for 30 seconds, 72 ° C for 1 minute, 25 reactions, and then 72 ° C C for 5 minutes).
- T-1 3 (SEQ ID NO: 58; complementary strand of 171-235 of GENBANK ACCESSION NO. J04456.
- a for antisense at base number 176 was converted to T
- ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ for antisense at base number 230 was converted to ⁇ ) ;
- HLEG19 5'-AACTTGAATTCGTATCCATCTG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 59; complementary strand of 354-375 of GENBANK ACCESSION NO. J04456);
- This expression plasmid contains a GST protein followed by a peptide Xa recognition sequence and a sequence encoding human galectin-1 that converts all Cys to Ser (mutant to factor Xa recognition sequence).
- the amino acid sequence leading to human galectin-1 is the same as SEQ ID NO: 9 except that all Cys Sers have been changed).
- the clone obtained in Example 20 was spread on LB agar medium containing 50 ⁇ g / m1 of ampicillin, and cultured at 37 ° C overnight to form a colony. After shaking culture in 50 ml of LB medium containing 50 ig / nil, add this culture solution to 1000 ml of LB medium containing 50 g / ml of ampicillin so that the initial 0D 6Q Q becomes 0.2, and add 0D 6 (H) to 0.5 ml. — Incubate at 37 ° C with shaking to 0.6. Next, IPTG (isopropyl thiogalactoside) was added to a final concentration of 0.1 mM, and the cells were further cultured with shaking for 3 hours to induce the expression of GST-Gall (1-134).
- IPTG isopropyl thiogalactoside
- One liter of the cell culture was centrifuged at 10,000 G for 30 minutes to obtain a cell pellet expressing the GST-Gall (1-134) fusion protein.
- the pellet was suspended in 20 ml of PBS and sonicated under ice-cooling to disrupt the cells.
- the cell lysate was centrifuged at 10,000 G for 30 minutes, and GST-Gall was added to the supernatant as soluble protein.
- the fusion protein was recovered.
- the collected supernatant was injected onto a glutathione-Sepharose4B column (Pharmacia 03 cm x 5 cm) equilibrated with PBS.
- the developing solvent was changed to 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer (PH 8.0) containing ImM calcium chloride and 100 mM NaCl, and the plate was washed sufficiently. Then, 400 units of Factor Xa was injected into the column, and the column was left at room temperature at room temperature.
- the GIPM-Gall (1-134) cleaved by Factor Xa is treated with ImM calcium chloride and lOOmM NaCl in 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) at a flow rate of lml / min. Eluted.
- the eluate was fractionated into 3 ml aliquots, and each fraction was analyzed by electrophoresis.
- the fraction (12 ml) in which a band of GIPM-Gall (1 to 134) with a molecular weight of 14500 Da was detected was used for the next step Advanced.
- This fraction (12 ml) was concentrated using an ultrafiltration unit (manufactured by Amicon; YM3 membrane, diameter 25 mm), and further buffer-exchanged with a 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0). (Final volume 3 ml) Equilibrate this with 0% B using 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) as the developing solvent A and 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) containing 500 mM NaCl as the developing solvent B A Shodex IEC DEAE825 column (Showa Denko KK, Japan; ⁇ 8 mm x 7.5 cm) was injected at room temperature at a flow rate of 0.5 m tniri.
- This fraction (1 ml) was equilibrated with 20% B using 80% acetonitrile containing 0.1% TFA as the developing solvent A and 0.085% TFA as the developing solvent B, and a TSKgei Phenyl -5PW RP column (Toso-One) (Japan, Japan; ⁇ 4.6 mm X 7.5 cm) at a flow rate of 0.5 nU / min at room temperature. After the injection was completed, a linear gradient from 20% B to 80% B was developed for 40 minutes. The eluate was fractionated by 1 ml, and each fraction was analyzed by electrophoresis.
- Glyl leProMetAlaXGlyLeuValAlaSerAsnLeuAsnLeu (SEQ ID NO: 62). This sequence corresponds to the N-terminal amino acid sequence of GIPM-Gall (1-134), which was originally designed, and the protein purified using the TSKgei Phenyl-5PW RP column was used to convert GIPM-Gall (1-134). ).
- Example 21 the clone obtained in Example 21 was expressed in Escherichia coli, GST-Gall (2 / Ser) was obtained, cut with factor Xa, and GIPM- in which Cys at position 2 was replaced with Ser. Gall [GIPM-Gall (2 / ser)] was obtained.
- Example 22 the clone obtained in Example 22 was expressed in Escherichia coli, GST-Gall (al 1 / Ser) was obtained, digested with Factor-1Xa, and all 6 Cys were replaced with Ser. GIPM-Gall [GIPM-Gall (all / ser)] was obtained. EcoRI-NoU of Sequence Listing Free Text Sequence No. 10 pGEXGall (al 1 / Ser-3,)
- SEQ ID NO: 13 Sequence complementary to nucleotides 52-71 of SEQ ID NO: 2 SEQ ID NO: 14 Sequence complementary to nucleotides 33-51 of SEQ ID NO: 2 SEQ ID NO: 15 Primer for sequencing PEF18S
- SEQ ID NO: 16 Sequence complementary to nucleotides 118-137 of SEQ ID NO: 3
- SEQ ID NO: Sequence complementary to nucleotides 36-55 of SEQ ID NO: 3
- SEQ ID NO: 18 M13 reverse primer
- SEQ ID NO: 20 Sequence complementary to nucleotides 64—83 of SEQ ID NO: 4 SEQ ID NO: 21 T7 primer
- SEQ ID NO: 25 Nucleotide sequence of Genebank Accession No. J04456 15-34 SEQ ID NO: 26 Nucleotide sequence of Genepunk Accession No. J04456 28-47 SEQ ID NO: 27 Sequence complementary to nucleotides 472–491 of Genebank Accession No. J04456
- SEQ ID NO: 28 Sequence complementary to nucleotides 463-482 of Gene Bank Accession No. J04456, and having a Notl site at the 5 'side
- SEQ ID NO: 29 Primer for obtaining pEFGll clone containing human galectin-1 cMA
- SEQ ID NO: 30 Primer for obtaining pEFGll clone containing human galectin-11 cDNA
- SEQ ID NO: 31 Sequence complementary to nucleotides 436-457 of Gene Bank Accession No. J04456, and having a BamHI site on the 5 'side thereof
- SEQ ID NO: 32 A sequence having nucleotides 50-69 of Gene Bank Accession No. J04456 and having a Not I site at the 5 'side
- SEQ ID NO: 50 nucleotides 50-69 of Genebank Accession No. J04456, And a sequence having a BamHI site on the 5 'side
- SEQ ID NO: 51 Sequence complementary to nucleotides 436-457 of Gene Bank Accession No. J04456, and having a Notl site at the 5 'side
- SEQ ID NO: 52 Nucleotide 50-68 of Gene Bank Accession No. J04456 and a sequence having a BamHI site at the 5 ′ side thereof
- SEQ ID NO: 53 Sequence complementary to nucleotides 437—457 of Gene Bank Accession No. J04456, and having a Notl site at the 5 ′ side
- SEQ ID NO: 54 Nucleotide 366—457 of Gene Bank Accession No. J04456 with a Notl site at the 3 ′ side
- SEQ ID NO: 55 Sequence complementary to nucleotides 370-457 of Gene Bank Accession No. J04456, and having a Notl site at the 5 'side
- SEQ ID NO: 56 Nucleotide 50 to 105 of Gene Bank Accession No. J04456, and positions 56, 58 and 98 have been converted to A, C and A, respectively.
- SEQ ID NO: 57 Nucleotide 171—235 of Gene Bank Accession No. J04456, and wherein positions 176 and 230 have been converted to A and A, respectively.
- SEQ ID NO: 58 Sequence complementary to nucleotides 171—235 of Gene Bank Accession No. J04456
- SEQ ID NO: 59 Sequence complementary to nucleotides 354—375 of Gene Bank Accession No. J04456
- SEQ ID NO: 60 Sequence complementary to nucleotides 311-375 of Gene Bank Accession No. J04456, wherein A at position 314 has been substituted by T SEQ ID NO: 61: Added to N-terminus of GallU-134) Amino acid sequence
- SEQ ID NO: 62 N-terminal sequence of Gall (l-134)
Description
Claims
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AU49302/99A AU4930299A (en) | 1998-07-31 | 1999-07-29 | Remedies for neuropathy containing as the active ingredient galectin-1 or its derivatives |
EP99933170A EP1122311A4 (en) | 1998-07-31 | 1999-07-29 | MEDICINES FOR TREATING NEUROPATHY CONTAINING GALECTIN-1 OR DERIVATIVES THEREOF AS ACTIVE SUBSTANCE |
US09/744,931 US6890531B1 (en) | 1998-07-31 | 1999-07-29 | Neuronal growth factor galectin-1 |
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PCT/JP1999/004091 WO2000006724A1 (fr) | 1998-07-31 | 1999-07-29 | Medicaments permettant de soigner la neuropathie contenant de la galectine-1 ou ses derives comme substance active |
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US (1) | US6890531B1 (ja) |
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WO2005026343A1 (ja) * | 2003-09-09 | 2005-03-24 | Keio University | 神経幹細胞の生存及び/又は増殖及び神経突起伸張を促進する方法並びに促進剤、神経幹細胞を含む医薬組成物、検定方法、スクリーニング方法 |
WO2007080898A1 (ja) * | 2006-01-10 | 2007-07-19 | Medgel Corporation | 徐放性ハイドロゲル製剤 |
WO2007114473A1 (ja) * | 2006-04-05 | 2007-10-11 | Keio University | シグナル伝達系活性化剤 |
JP2014519510A (ja) * | 2011-06-10 | 2014-08-14 | ノヴォ ノルディスク アー/エス | ポリペプチド |
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- 1999-07-29 AU AU49302/99A patent/AU4930299A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-07-29 EP EP99933170A patent/EP1122311A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-07-29 WO PCT/JP1999/004091 patent/WO2000006724A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
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Cited By (9)
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WO2005026343A1 (ja) * | 2003-09-09 | 2005-03-24 | Keio University | 神経幹細胞の生存及び/又は増殖及び神経突起伸張を促進する方法並びに促進剤、神経幹細胞を含む医薬組成物、検定方法、スクリーニング方法 |
JPWO2005026343A1 (ja) * | 2003-09-09 | 2007-11-08 | 学校法人慶應義塾 | 神経幹細胞の生存及び/又は増殖及び神経突起伸張を促進する方法並びに促進剤、神経幹細胞を含む医薬組成物、検定方法、スクリーニング方法 |
US7785596B2 (en) | 2003-09-09 | 2010-08-31 | Keio University | Methods for enhancing survival and/or proliferation of neural stem cells and neurite extension enhancers therefor pharmaceutical compositions containing neural stem cells assay methods and screening methods |
JP5099288B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-09 | 2012-12-19 | 学校法人慶應義塾 | 神経幹細胞の生存及び/又は増殖及び神経突起伸張を促進する方法並びに促進剤、神経幹細胞を含む医薬組成物、検定方法、スクリーニング方法 |
WO2007080898A1 (ja) * | 2006-01-10 | 2007-07-19 | Medgel Corporation | 徐放性ハイドロゲル製剤 |
WO2007114473A1 (ja) * | 2006-04-05 | 2007-10-11 | Keio University | シグナル伝達系活性化剤 |
JP2007274955A (ja) * | 2006-04-05 | 2007-10-25 | Keio Gijuku | シグナル伝達系活性化剤 |
JP2014519510A (ja) * | 2011-06-10 | 2014-08-14 | ノヴォ ノルディスク アー/エス | ポリペプチド |
JP2014519509A (ja) * | 2011-06-10 | 2014-08-14 | ノヴォ ノルディスク アー/エス | ポリペプチド |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1122311A1 (en) | 2001-08-08 |
AU4930299A (en) | 2000-02-21 |
US6890531B1 (en) | 2005-05-10 |
EP1122311A4 (en) | 2002-04-17 |
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